Since the 1980s. XX that this territory has been the subject of successive archaeological works by specialists in prehistory. Among many other surprising discoveries, there are traces, with 7,500 years old, of primitive peasant societies. In other words, it is safe to say that the Neolithic, a process that was underway in the Near East 10,000 years ago, occurred, in its most complete version, in the Sorraia Valley. The amazing archaeological discoveries of Professor Victor Gonçalves and Ana Catarina Sousa, our guides on this visit, allow us to identify the routes of the Neolithic movement in the Mediterranean and Southern Europe.